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East Africa - South Africa

sticks, both as a tool to combat both as a sign of social status, objects are very common in pastoral societies in East Africa. This board has four specimens, very linear and simple in form but with a good patina.

The first is a club fighter from the Dinka of Sudan, the weapon was used is "cutting" as a club, or peak, due to its sleek just ending with a pointed end, capable of doing serious harm if forced against a projected target. However, the presence of decorative elements on the entire surface, an engraved and colored with a white substance, maybe kaolin, suggests that this staff was also, perhaps above all, an object of prestige. E 'come in from Europe through the Sudan and Uganda is 86 cm long.

The second club, this to act as a weapon, Gogo from the people of central Tanzania and is called in their language "Rungu. Unlike knobkerries South Africa, in this case, the node that forms the heavy wooden percussion set to hit the target is not centrally located but the side and forms a sort of "knee" for hammering enemies. This staff, about 50 cm long., Was purchased in the 90s in the gallery Belgian Lavuun Quackelbeen, specializing in properties in the area concerned.

The third club, despite his slim build which suggests rather a bracket, it is an object for the self-defense: from the people of Kenya and the Turkana is called "abura" his "real" use more frequently, however, is "pastoral" used to govern the flock of sheep and goats. E '120 cm long. and was collected near the village of Lodwar near Lake Turkana, in the '70s, it highlights the central grip of reptile skin.

The fourth and last club, certainly the easiest of the group, but the population is southwest of the Marakwet of Kenya, this is also referred to as "Rungu" and has both functions of weapon that the object of social status. E '60 cm high. Although this item was collected in situ in the 70s.

I bought all four sticks at different times, by the collector German Wolf Dieter Miersch.

Bibliography:

1) Marakwet & Turkana

Günther Best - Museum fur Volkerkunde, Frankfurt am Main, 1993

2) Africa. Art forms

Marc Ginzberg - Skira, Geneva, Milan, 2000